Bhutan

The Land of Happiness
and Himalayas

Flag of Bhutan

Bhutan, a small Himalayan kingdom, is known for its breathtaking landscapes, deep-rooted spirituality, and unique approach to development through Gross National Happiness. Surrounded by snow-capped mountains, lush valleys, and ancient monasteries, Bhutan offers serene beauty and rich cultural heritage.

The Bhutanese culture, shaped by Buddhism, is reflected in vibrant festivals, traditional dzong architecture, and colorful attire. The cuisine is distinct, with staples like ema datshi (chili and cheese stew) and red rice. Known for its peaceful ambiance and commitment to environmental preservation, Bhutan is a rare blend of natural wonder and cultural tranquility.

Travel Documents

Documents

Toll

Driving

Currency

Laws

Legal

Safety

Flights

Travel Documents

Travel Documents: What You Need to Know

Passport Requirements

  • Non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens: A valid passport is generally required for entry into Bhutan.
  • Passport validity: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months beyond your planned stay in Bhutan.

Visa Requirements

  • Visa-exempt countries: Citizens from India, Maldives, and Bangladesh can enter Bhutan with a valid passport or, for Indians, a voter ID card, and stay for up to 14-30 days without a visa (requires a permit on arrival).
  • Visa-required countries: Travelers from all other nations must possess a valid passport and obtain a visa prior to entering Bhutan, arranged through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator.

Special Entry Provisions

  • Holders of valid, multiple-entry Schengen visas (previously used in a Schengen state) do not automatically qualify for visa-free entry; a Bhutanese visa is still required.
  • Citizens with valid, multiple-entry US or UK visas (previously used in the issuing country) do not qualify for visa-free entry; a Bhutanese visa is required.
  • Holders of valid residence permits from Schengen states, the US, or the UK do not qualify for visa-free entry; a Bhutanese visa is required.
  • ID Card Entry: Only Indian citizens can enter Bhutan using a valid voter ID card (in lieu of a passport) with an entry permit issued at the border.

Visa Types

  • Type "C" Visa: Allows entry and stay for up to 30 days (tourist visa). Typically single-entry, arranged through a tour operator, with validity tied to the tour duration.
  • Type "D" Visa: For stays longer than 30 days. Valid for up to one year, allowing application for a residence permit (e.g., for work or study, rare for tourists).

Important Links

Additional Considerations

  • Length of stay: Tourist visas are typically issued for the duration of your pre-arranged tour (usually 7-30 days). Extensions are possible but require approval.
  • Purpose of visit: All tourists (except Indians, Maldivians, and Bangladeshis) must book through a licensed tour operator and pay a Sustainable Development Fee (SDF) of USD 100 per day (as of 2025). Work or study requires specific visas.
  • COVID-19 measures: Always check for current health-related entry requirements or restrictions, as Bhutan may reintroduce measures like mandatory testing or quarantine.
Toll

Driving in Bhutan

Current Toll Roads

  • As of 2025, Bhutan has no operational toll roads. Roads are generally state-maintained, and travel is free of tolls.

Toll Rates and Payment

  • Not applicable; no toll roads exist. Road travel relies on fuel costs and vehicle maintenance.

Driving in Bhutan

  • Drive on the left side of the road.
  • Seat belts are mandatory for all vehicle occupants.
  • Speed limits:
    • Urban areas: 30 km/h
    • Rural roads: 50 km/h
    • Highways: 50-70 km/h (e.g., Thimphu-Paro Highway)
  • Road conditions vary; main highways like Thimphu to Paro are paved but narrow, while rural roads can be unpaved, winding, and prone to landslides during monsoon season (June-August).
  • International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended alongside your national driver’s license, especially for non-SAARC nationals. Indian nationals can use their domestic license.

Important Considerations

  • Vignette System: Bhutan does not use a vignette system for road use; travel is free but requires careful planning due to terrain.
  • Road Safety: Driving is challenging due to mountainous terrain, sharp bends, and occasional livestock on roads. Night driving is strongly discouraged.
  • GPS and Maps: GPS is unreliable in rural areas; cell service is spotty outside Thimphu and Paro. Keep an updated physical map as a backup.
  • Emergency Number: Dial 112 for emergencies.

Useful Links

Bhutan Currency

The official currency of Bhutan is the Bhutanese Ngultrum (BTN).

Key Information

  • Banknotes: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000 BTN
  • Coins: 25, 50 chhertum; 1 BTN
  • Symbol: Nu. (often written as BTN)
  • Note: The Indian Rupee (INR) is also widely accepted in Bhutan at a 1:1 exchange rate.

Currency Exchange

  • Exchange services are available at banks, Paro International Airport, and some hotels in Thimphu.
  • ATMs are available in urban areas like Thimphu and Paro for direct BTN withdrawals, but are scarce in rural regions.

Payment Methods

  • Cash is preferred, especially in rural areas and small establishments.
  • Credit/debit cards are accepted in cities, hotels, and larger shops in Thimphu and Paro, but rarely elsewhere.

Travel Tips

  • Inform your bank of travel plans to avoid card issues.
  • Carry some cash (BTN or INR) for small purchases and rural areas, as digital payments are not universal.
  • Check for currency conversion fees when using cards; the BTN is pegged to the INR.
  • For current exchange rates, visit the Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan website: https://www.rma.org.bt/
Laws

Legal Essentials for Traveling in Bhutan

Understanding local laws and regulations is crucial for a safe and compliant visit. Below are key legal considerations for travellers in Bhutan, updated as of 2025.

Local Laws & Restrictions

  • Drugs: Strict penalties for possession or trafficking, including lengthy prison sentences. Even small quantities can lead to criminal charges.
  • Alcohol & Smoking:
    • Alcohol is permitted but heavily regulated; public intoxication is frowned upon.
    • Smoking is banned nationwide (since 2010); tobacco sales are illegal, though personal use is tolerated if declared on arrival (with a tax).
  • Cultural Sensitivities: Respect Bhutanese Buddhist traditions; dress modestly, especially at religious sites (dzongs, monasteries). Remove hats and shoes when entering temples.
  • LGBTIQ+ Rights: Same-sex relationships were decriminalized in 2021, but social acceptance is limited. Public displays of affection may attract unwanted attention.
  • Photography: Restricted inside monasteries, dzongs, and near military sites. Always ask permission for portraits of locals, especially monks.

Duty-Free Limits

  • Alcohol: 1L spirits (declare on arrival).
  • Tobacco: 200 cigarettes (must declare and pay a 200% import tax; smoking is banned in public).
  • Cash: Declare amounts over BTN 10,000 (or equivalent).

Prohibited Items

  • Narcotics, weapons, and plastic bags (Bhutan has a strict plastic ban).
  • Counterfeit goods may face fines or confiscation.

Luggage Issues

  • Report lost/damaged luggage within 21 days via a Property Irregularity Report (PIR) at Paro International Airport.

Complaints

  • Submit grievances to the Tourism Council of Bhutan or the Department of Tourism.

Beach Access

  • Not applicable; Bhutan is landlocked with no public beaches.

Key Resources

Bhutan Travel Safety

Bhutan is generally safe for travellers, with low crime rates and a reputation for hospitality. However, travellers should remain aware of health precautions, road safety, and emergency protocols. Below is a concise guide to staying safe and healthy in Bhutan.

Safety Overview

  • Crime: Petty theft (e.g., pickpocketing) is extremely rare, even in crowded areas like Thimphu’s markets. Violent crime against tourists is almost unheard of.
  • Solo/Female Travelers: Bhutan is considered very safe, with locals often going out of their way to assist visitors. Solo female travelers should still avoid isolated areas at night.
  • Road Safety:
    • Driving can be challenging due to narrow, winding mountain roads and unpredictable weather (e.g., fog, rain).
    • Avoid night driving in mountainous areas due to poor visibility and road hazards.
    • Seat belts and helmets (for motorbikes) are mandatory.

Health Risks

  • Food/Water Safety:
    • Tap water is not always safe; drink bottled or boiled water.
    • Practice safe eating habits to prevent travellers’ diarrhea; spicy Bhutanese cuisine (e.g., ema datshi) may upset sensitive stomachs.
  • Vaccinations:
    • Recommended: Hepatitis A, typhoid, tetanus, COVID-19, and rabies (for rural travel).
    • Yellow Fever: Required only if arriving from a risk country.
  • Insect-Borne Diseases: Minimal risk in most areas; use insect repellent in lowland regions (e.g., near the Indian border) to guard against malaria.
  • Altitude Sickness: Risk exists in areas above 2,500 meters (e.g., Paro at 2,200m, Thimphu at 2,300m, or high passes like Chele La at 3,988m). Ascend gradually and stay hydrated.

Medical Facilities

  • Hospitals: Basic care is available at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital in Thimphu. Rural areas often lack advanced care.
  • Pharmacies: Available in cities like Thimphu and Paro; carry essential medications for remote areas.
  • Insurance: Ensure coverage includes medical evacuation, as advanced care may require transfer to India or Thailand.

Emergency Contacts

  • General Emergency: 112 (works for police, ambulance, and fire).
  • Ambulance: 112 | Fire: 110 | Police: 113.
  • Tourist Police (Thimphu): +975 2 323 111.

Travel Tips

  • Roads: Rent a 4x4 for rural/mountainous areas (e.g., Haa Valley). Check insurance coverage for rentals; most tourists hire a driver with their tour package.
  • Hiking: Use local guides for treks (e.g., Druk Path Trek or Snowman Trek); high-altitude routes can be strenuous.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Avoid pointing at sacred objects or people; always walk clockwise around stupas and prayer wheels.
  • Air Quality: Generally excellent due to minimal pollution; monitor via the World Air Quality Index if in Thimphu during winter (wood-burning stoves).

Key Links

Flying to Bhutan

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