Iraq

The Land of Cradles
and Culture

Flag of Iraq

Iraq, a country in the Middle East, is renowned for its ancient history, diverse culture, and rich archaeological heritage. Home to iconic landmarks like the ancient city of Babylon, the Ziggurat of Ur, and the marshlands of southern Iraq, the country offers a unique blend of historical and natural wonders. Iraqi culture is a tapestry of Arab, Kurdish, Turkmen, and other ethnic influences, reflected in its music, art, and literature.

The cuisine features flavorful dishes like masgouf (grilled fish), kubba (meat-filled dumplings), and dolma (stuffed grape leaves). Known for its warm hospitality and resilient spirit, Iraq presents a fascinating destination for those interested in exploring the cradle of civilization.

Travel Documents

Documents

Toll

Driving

Currency

Laws

Legal

Safety

Flights

Travel Documents

Travel Documents: What You Need to Know

Passport Requirements

  • Non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens: A valid passport is generally required for entry into Iraq.
  • Passport validity: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months beyond your planned stay in Iraq. Passports must not contain evidence of travel to Israel, as this will result in entry denial.

Visa Requirements

  • Visa-exempt countries: No countries are currently visa-exempt for Iraq. All travelers require a visa.
  • Visa-required countries: Travelers from all nations must possess a valid passport and obtain a visa prior to entering Iraq, though many nationalities are eligible for a Visa on Arrival (VoA) at major airports like Baghdad or Erbil.

Special Entry Provisions

  • Holders of valid, multiple-entry Schengen visas (previously used in a Schengen state) do not automatically qualify for visa-free entry; an Iraqi visa is required.
  • Citizens with valid, multiple-entry US or UK visas (previously used in the issuing country) do not automatically qualify for visa-free entry; an Iraqi visa is required. However, they may be eligible for a Visa on Arrival.
  • Holders of valid residence permits from Schengen states, the US, or the UK do not qualify for visa-free entry; an Iraqi visa is required.
  • ID Card Entry: No countries are permitted to enter Iraq using only a national ID card; a passport is mandatory for all travelers.

Visa Types

  • Type "C" Visa: Allows entry and stay for up to 30 days (tourist visa, often issued as Visa on Arrival). Can be single-entry, extendable for another 30 days, with validity up to 60 days.
  • Type "D" Visa: For stays longer than 60 days (e.g., business, work, or family visa). Valid for one year, allowing application for a residence permit with approval from the Ministry of Interior.

Important Links

  • Official Iraqi e-Visa application portal: https://evisa.iq/
  • Visa regime information: https://mofa.gov.iq/ (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
  • Directorate of Residence: Limited online presence; check with local embassies for updates.

Additional Considerations

  • Length of stay: Visa on Arrival allows a 30-day stay, extendable once for another 30 days. Pre-arranged visas may allow longer stays depending on purpose.
  • Purpose of visit: Different rules apply for work, study, or long-term stays; work visas require sponsorship. Travel to certain areas (e.g., border regions near Syria or Turkey) may require special permits due to security concerns.
  • COVID-19 measures: Always check for current health-related entry requirements or restrictions, as Iraq may reintroduce measures like mandatory testing or vaccination proof.
Toll

Driving in Iraq

Current Toll Roads

  • As of 2025, Iraq has limited toll roads, but some major highways have tolls, including:
    • Baghdad-Mosul Highway: A key route with occasional toll booths.
    • Highway 1 (Baghdad-Basra): Tolls may be collected on certain sections.

Toll Rates and Payment

  • Toll rates vary based on vehicle type and distance traveled. For example, a standard car may pay approximately IQD 2,000-5,000 (Iraqi Dinar) per toll booth on major highways. For the most current rates, visit the Ministry of Transportation website: https://www.motrans.gov.iq/
  • Payment Methods:
    • Cash: Iraqi Dinar (IQD) is accepted at all toll booths.
    • Credit/Debit Cards: Not accepted; toll booths are cash-only.
    • Electronic Toll Collection: No e-toll system is currently implemented; payment is manual at toll booths.

Driving in Iraq

  • Drive on the right side of the road.
  • Seat belts are mandatory for front-seat occupants, though enforcement is inconsistent.
  • Speed limits:
    • Urban areas: 40-60 km/h
    • Rural roads: 80 km/h
    • Highways: 100-120 km/h
  • Road conditions vary; major highways like Baghdad-Basra are paved but may have potholes or checkpoints, while rural roads, especially in conflict-affected areas (e.g., near Mosul), can be unpaved, damaged, or unsafe due to security risks.
  • International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended alongside your national driver’s license, valid for up to 1 year. A local permit or Iraqi license is required for longer stays.

Important Considerations

  • Vignette System: Iraq does not use a vignette system; tolls are collected at specific points on highways.
  • Road Safety: Driving can be dangerous due to aggressive drivers, frequent checkpoints, and potential security threats (e.g., roadside bombs in some areas). Night driving is strongly discouraged due to poor lighting and heightened risks.
  • GPS and Maps: GPS is unreliable outside major cities (e.g., Baghdad, Erbil); cell service is spotty in rural areas. Keep an updated physical map as a backup.
  • Emergency Number: Dial 122 for emergencies (police), 115 for ambulance, or 104 for fire (availability varies by region).

Useful Links

Iraq Currency

The official currency of Iraq is the Iraqi Dinar (IQD).

Key Information

  • Banknotes: 250, 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000 IQD
  • Coins: 25, 50, 100 IQD (rarely used)
  • Symbol: د.ع (often written as IQD)

Currency Exchange

  • Exchange services are available at banks, airports, and money changers in major cities like Baghdad and Erbil.
  • ATMs are available in urban areas but may not accept foreign cards; bring cash (USD is widely accepted) to exchange locally.

Payment Methods

  • Cash is the primary method of payment, especially in rural areas and small establishments.
  • Credit/debit cards are rarely accepted outside major hotels and businesses in cities like Erbil or Baghdad.

Travel Tips

  • Inform your bank of travel plans, though card use is minimal.
  • Carry ample cash (USD or IQD) for all transactions; small denominations are useful. USD is often accepted in tourist areas, with change given in IQD.
  • Check for currency conversion fees if using cards (rare); the IQD fluctuates against major currencies.
  • For current exchange rates, visit the Central Bank of Iraq website: https://cbi.iq/
Laws

Legal Essentials for Traveling in Iraq

Understanding local laws and regulations is crucial for a safe and compliant visit. Below are key legal considerations for travellers in Iraq, updated as of 2025.

Local Laws & Restrictions

  • Drugs: Strict penalties for possession or trafficking, including life imprisonment or the death penalty. Even small quantities can lead to severe charges.
  • Alcohol & Smoking:
    • Alcohol is heavily restricted in many areas (e.g., banned in Basra); consumption is permitted in some regions (e.g., Erbil, Baghdad) but public intoxication is illegal.
    • Smoking is banned in indoor public spaces and on public transport; enforcement varies.
  • Cultural Sensitivities: Respect Islamic customs; dress modestly (especially women, who should cover hair and wear loose clothing in conservative areas). Avoid discussing politics (e.g., sectarian issues, ISIS).
  • LGBTIQ+ Rights: Same-sex relationships are illegal, with penalties including imprisonment. Public displays of affection may attract legal consequences.
  • Photography: Prohibited near military sites, government buildings, and checkpoints. Ask permission before photographing locals, especially women or religious sites (e.g., Al-Askari Shrine in Samarra).

Duty-Free Limits

  • Alcohol: 1L spirits (if permitted in the region; declare to avoid issues).
  • Tobacco: 200 cigarettes or 50 cigars.
  • Cash: Declare amounts over USD 10,000 (or equivalent).

Prohibited Items

  • Narcotics, pork products, weapons, and anti-Islamic materials.
  • Counterfeit goods may lead to confiscation or fines.

Luggage Issues

  • Report lost/damaged luggage immediately at the airport (e.g., Baghdad International Airport); expect limited resolution due to lack of infrastructure.

Complaints

  • Submit grievances to local authorities or your embassy; no formal tourism complaint body exists.

Beach Access

  • Not applicable; Iraq has a small coastline on the Persian Gulf (e.g., near Basra), but public beaches are limited and not tourist-oriented.

Key Resources

Iraq Travel Safety

Iraq is generally unsafe for travellers, with high crime rates, ongoing security risks, and a reputation for volatility. Travellers should remain hyper-aware of health precautions, road safety, and emergency protocols. Below is a concise guide to staying safe and healthy in Iraq.

Safety Overview

  • Crime: Violent crime, terrorism, and kidnapping are significant risks; foreigners are high-value targets. Petty theft is less common but possible in crowded areas (e.g., Baghdad’s markets).
  • Solo/Female Travelers: Travel is extremely risky; solo travel, especially for women, is strongly discouraged due to security and cultural constraints. Women must adhere to strict dress codes (hijab, modest clothing).
  • Road Safety:
    • Driving is hazardous due to poor road conditions, aggressive drivers, and frequent checkpoints.
    • Avoid night driving entirely; rural roads are unlit and dangerous, with risks of attacks or roadside bombs.
    • Seat belts and helmets (for motorbikes) are recommended but not always available.

Health Risks

  • Food/Water Safety:
    • Tap water is not potable; use bottled water only.
    • Foodborne illnesses are common; eat at reputable places and avoid raw foods.
  • Vaccinations:
    • Recommended: Hepatitis A, typhoid, tetanus, COVID-19, rabies (for rural travel).
    • Yellow Fever: Required if arriving from a risk country.
  • Insect-Borne Diseases: Malaria and leishmaniasis are risks; use repellent and sleep under nets in rural areas.
  • Altitude Sickness: Minimal risk; Iraq is mostly flat, with the highest point (Cheekha Dar) at 3,611 meters in the Kurdistan region.

Medical Facilities

  • Hospitals: Basic care in Baghdad (e.g., Al-Kindi Hospital); rural areas have little to no medical services. The Kurdistan region (e.g., Erbil) has better facilities like Par Hospital.
  • Pharmacies: Limited to cities; bring all necessary medications.
  • Insurance: Mandatory coverage for medical evacuation is critical, as local care is inadequate.

Emergency Contacts

  • General Emergency: 122 (police), 115 (ambulance), 104 (fire) (unreliable in many areas).
  • Police: 122 | Ambulance: 115 | Fire: 104.
  • Tourist Police: Not widely available; contact your embassy for assistance.

Travel Tips

  • Roads: Use armored vehicles and travel with a security escort in high-risk areas; check security conditions daily.
  • Hiking: Avoid due to landmines, bandits, and lack of rescue services, especially in conflict zones. The Kurdistan region (e.g., Zagros Mountains) is safer but still requires guides.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Dress conservatively, avoid political discussions, and respect Islamic norms (e.g., during Ramadan).
  • Air Quality: Poor in Baghdad due to dust storms and pollution; monitor via World Air Quality Index.

Key Links

Flying to Iraq

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