Iran

The Land of Poetry
and Persia

Flag of Iran

Iran, a country with one of the world’s oldest civilizations, is celebrated for its rich history, diverse landscapes, and deep cultural heritage. Known for its ancient sites like Persepolis and architectural marvels like Isfahan’s mosques, Iran offers a journey through time. The culture, shaped by Persian, Islamic, and regional influences, is expressed through poetry, intricate art, and music.

Iranian cuisine is full of aromatic dishes like kebab, ghormeh sabzi (herb stew), and fesenjan (pomegranate walnut stew). With its hospitable people and stunning landscapes—from deserts to lush forests—Iran is a land of tradition, beauty, and resilience.

Travel Documents

Documents

Toll

Driving

Currency

Laws

Legal

Safety

Flights

Travel Documents

Travel Documents: What You Need to Know

Passport Requirements

  • Non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens: A valid passport is generally required for entry into Iran.
  • Passport validity: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 6 months beyond your planned stay in Iran. Passports must not contain evidence of travel to Israel, as this will result in entry denial.

Visa Requirements

  • Visa-exempt countries: Citizens from a few nations (e.g., Turkey, Armenia, Georgia) can enter Iran with a valid passport and stay for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa for tourism.
  • Visa-required countries: Travelers from most other nations must possess a valid passport and obtain a visa prior to entering Iran, though many nationalities are eligible for a Visa on Arrival (VoA) at major airports.

Special Entry Provisions

  • Holders of valid, multiple-entry Schengen visas (previously used in a Schengen state) do not automatically qualify for visa-free entry; an Iranian visa is required unless the traveler’s nationality is visa-exempt.
  • Citizens with valid, multiple-entry US or UK visas (previously used in the issuing country) do not automatically qualify for visa-free entry; an Iranian visa is required unless visa-exempt. US, UK, and Canadian citizens must travel with an authorized tour guide and obtain a visa through a special process.
  • Holders of valid residence permits from Schengen states, the US, or the UK do not qualify for visa-free entry; an Iranian visa is required unless visa-exempt.
  • ID Card Entry: No countries are permitted to enter Iran using only a national ID card; a passport is mandatory for all travelers.

Visa Types

  • Type "C" Visa: Allows entry and stay for up to 30 days (tourist visa, often issued as Visa on Arrival). Can be single-entry, extendable once for another 30 days, with validity up to 90 days.
  • Type "D" Visa: For stays longer than 90 days (e.g., business, study, or family visa). Valid for one year, allowing application for a residence permit with approval from the Ministry of Interior.

Important Links

  • Official Iranian e-Visa application portal: https://evisa.mfa.ir/
  • Visa regime information: https://www.mfa.ir/ (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
  • Iran Immigration Police: Limited online presence; check with local embassies for updates.

Additional Considerations

  • Length of stay: Visa-free stays for eligible nationalities are limited to 15-90 days. Visa on Arrival allows a 30-day stay, extendable once.
  • Purpose of visit: Different rules apply for work, study, or long-term stays; work visas require sponsorship. Travel to certain border areas (e.g., near Iraq or Afghanistan) may require special permits.
  • COVID-19 measures: Always check for current health-related entry requirements or restrictions, as Iran may reintroduce measures like mandatory testing or vaccination proof.
Toll

Driving in Iran

Current Toll Roads

  • As of 2025, Iran has several toll roads, primarily on major highways, including:
    • Tehran-Qom Freeway: A major toll road connecting Tehran to Qom.
    • Tehran-North Freeway (Chalus Road): Linking Tehran to the Caspian Sea region.

Toll Rates and Payment

  • Toll rates vary based on vehicle type and distance traveled. For example, a standard car may pay approximately IRR 50,000-150,000 (Iranian Rial) for a trip on the Tehran-Qom Freeway. For the most current rates, visit the Iran Road Maintenance and Transportation Organization website: https://www.rmto.ir/
  • Payment Methods:
    • Cash: Iranian Rial (IRR) is accepted at all toll booths.
    • Credit/Debit Cards: Limited acceptance; most toll booths are cash-only, though some major routes may accept local cards.
    • Electronic Toll Collection: An e-toll system is being developed but not widely implemented; check for updates on https://www.rmto.ir/.

Driving in Iran

  • Drive on the right side of the road.
  • Seat belts are mandatory for front-seat occupants, though enforcement varies.
  • Speed limits:
    • Urban areas: 50 km/h
    • Rural roads: 80-90 km/h
    • Highways: 110-120 km/h
  • Road conditions vary; major highways like Tehran-Qom are well-paved but can be congested, while rural roads, especially in mountainous regions (e.g., Zagros Mountains), can be narrow, winding, or icy in winter.
  • International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended alongside your national driver’s license, valid for up to 6 months. A local permit or Iranian license is required for longer stays.

Important Considerations

  • Vignette System: Iran does not use a vignette system; tolls are collected at specific points on highways.
  • Road Safety: Driving can be chaotic due to aggressive drivers, pedestrians, and inconsistent traffic rule enforcement. Night driving is risky due to poor lighting and road hazards, especially in rural areas.
  • GPS and Maps: GPS is somewhat reliable in urban areas (e.g., Tehran, Isfahan), but connectivity can be spotty in rural regions; use apps like Waze (if accessible) and keep an updated physical map as a backup.
  • Emergency Number: Dial 110 for emergencies.

Useful Links

Iran Currency

The official currency of Iran is the Iranian Rial (IRR).

  • Note: The Toman is commonly used in everyday transactions (1 Toman = 10 Rials).

Key Information

  • Banknotes: 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000 IRR
  • Coins: 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 IRR (rarely used)
  • Symbol: ﷼ (often written as IRR; Toman prices are typically quoted without a symbol)

Currency Exchange

  • Exchange services are available at banks, airports, and authorized exchange offices (Sarrafi) in major cities like Tehran and Isfahan.
  • ATMs are available in urban areas but often do not accept foreign cards due to international sanctions; bring cash (USD or EUR) to exchange locally.

Payment Methods

  • Cash is the primary method of payment, especially due to limited acceptance of international cards.
  • Credit/debit cards are rarely accepted for international travelers due to sanctions; local cards (e.g., Shetab) are used by residents.

Travel Tips

  • Inform your bank of travel plans, though card use is minimal due to sanctions.
  • Carry ample cash (USD or EUR) to exchange for IRR; small denominations are useful for daily expenses. Exchange rates can vary significantly between official rates and the black market—use authorized exchanges for safety.
  • Check for currency conversion fees if using cards (rare); the IRR fluctuates heavily due to economic conditions.
  • For current exchange rates, visit the Central Bank of Iran website: https://www.cbi.ir/ (official rates may differ from market rates).
Laws

Legal Essentials for Traveling in Iran

Understanding local laws and regulations is crucial for a safe and compliant visit. Below are key legal considerations for travellers in Iran, updated as of 2025.

Local Laws & Restrictions

  • Drugs: Strict penalties for possession or trafficking, including the death penalty. Even small quantities can lead to long prison sentences.
  • Alcohol & Smoking:
    • Alcohol is illegal to import, possess, or consume; penalties include fines, lashings, or imprisonment.
    • Smoking is banned in indoor public spaces and on public transport.
  • Cultural Sensitivities: Respect Islamic customs; women must wear a hijab (headscarf) and loose-fitting clothing in public, while men should avoid shorts. Avoid discussing politics (e.g., government criticism, US-Iran relations).
  • LGBTIQ+ Rights: Same-sex relationships are illegal, with severe penalties including imprisonment or death. Public displays of affection may attract legal consequences.
  • Photography: Restricted near military sites, government buildings, and some religious sites (e.g., inside Imam Reza Shrine in Mashhad). Always ask permission for portraits of locals, especially women.

Duty-Free Limits

  • Alcohol: None permitted (illegal).
  • Tobacco: 200 cigarettes or 50 cigars (declare to avoid issues).
  • Cash: Declare amounts over USD 10,000 (or equivalent).

Prohibited Items

  • Narcotics, alcohol, pork products, pornography, and anti-Islamic materials.
  • Counterfeit goods may lead to confiscation or fines.

Luggage Issues

  • Report lost/damaged luggage immediately at the airport (e.g., Imam Khomeini International Airport in Tehran); expect limited resolution due to bureaucratic processes.

Complaints

  • Submit grievances to the Iran Tourism Organization or your embassy; no formal tourism complaint body exists.

Beach Access

  • Public beaches (e.g., Caspian Sea coast, Kish Island) must allow free access within 5 meters of the shoreline, but gender-segregated beaches are common. Wheelchair access is not widely implemented.

Key Resources

Iran Travel Safety

Iran is generally safe for travellers, with low crime rates and a reputation for hospitality. However, travellers should remain aware of health precautions, road safety, and emergency protocols. Below is a concise guide to staying safe and healthy in Iran.

Safety Overview

  • Crime: Petty theft (e.g., pickpocketing) is rare but possible in crowded areas like bazaars (e.g., Tehran’s Grand Bazaar) or public transport. Violent crime against tourists is extremely uncommon.
  • Solo/Female Travelers: Iran is considered safe, with locals often going out of their way to assist visitors. Female travelers must adhere to strict dress codes (hijab, modest clothing) and avoid isolated areas at night.
  • Road Safety:
    • Driving can be challenging due to aggressive drivers and disregard for traffic rules.
    • Avoid night driving in mountainous areas (e.g., Alborz or Zagros Mountains) due to poor visibility and road hazards.
    • Seat belts and helmets (for motorbikes) are mandatory but enforcement is inconsistent.

Health Risks

  • Food/Water Safety:
    • Tap water is generally safe in cities like Tehran, but bottled water is recommended for visitors.
    • Practice safe eating habits to prevent travellers’ diarrhea; street food (e.g., falafel, kebabs) is usually safe if freshly prepared.
  • Vaccinations:
    • Recommended: Hepatitis A, typhoid, tetanus, COVID-19, and rabies (for rural travel).
    • Yellow Fever: Required if arriving from a risk country.
  • Insect-Borne Diseases: Minimal risk in most areas; use insect repellent in rural or southern regions (e.g., near the Persian Gulf) to guard against malaria.
  • Altitude Sickness: Risk exists in areas above 2,500 meters (e.g., Mount Damavand at 5,610m). Ascend gradually and stay hydrated.

Medical Facilities

  • Hospitals: Private facilities like Shariati Hospital in Tehran offer good care; rural areas have limited medical services.
  • Pharmacies: Available in cities but may not stock all medications; bring essential medications and prescriptions.
  • Insurance: Ensure coverage includes medical evacuation, as rural care is inadequate.

Emergency Contacts

  • General Emergency: 110 (police), 115 (ambulance), 125 (fire).
  • Ambulance: 115 | Fire: 125 | Police: 110.
  • Tourist Police (Tehran): +98 21 6670 6060.

Travel Tips

  • Roads: Avoid self-driving; use taxis or private drivers for safety. Check insurance coverage for rentals.
  • Hiking: Use local guides for treks in areas like Mount Damavand or the Dasht-e Kavir desert; weather can be extreme.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Avoid public displays of affection; follow Islamic dress codes strictly (especially for women).
  • Air Quality: Pollution can be high in Tehran; monitor via the World Air Quality Index.

Key Links

Flying to Iran

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